brown



RQG. BROWN.

. 2 Shets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

TELEGR'ABHY.

No. 449,897. Patented Apr. 7, 1891.

' Nrrsio STATES PATENT FFICE.

ROBERT G. BROIVN, OF BROOKLYN, ASSIGNOR TO THE STANDARD MULTL PLEX TELEGRAPH COMPANY, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.

TELEGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 449,897, dated April 7, 1891.

Application filed June 27, 1887. Serial No, 242,602. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may cmwern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT G. BROWN, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Telegraphy, of which the following is a specification.

Thisinvention relates to that class of telegraphy in which there are two synchronously revolving trailers, one at each station and connected by the main line, and two or more 10- cal lines connected with the main stations, so that the main line can be made use of by either of the parties having instruments in the local lines. The trailers in traveling over the segments allotted to the respective local lines connect together corresponding local lines of the two main stations two or more times in each revolution of the trailers, and a reference is hereby made to Letters Patent No. 358,87 9, granted February 22, 1887, to the Standard Mutiplex Telegraph Company as my assignees, and also to the prior patents named in the same, for a description of the mode of operation of the synchronous multipleX telegraphs of the character to which my present invention relates. In all telegraphs of this general character these synchronous trailers pass with great rapidity from one contact-segment to the next, and although electric operations may often be regarded as instantaneous I have discovered that in telegraphs of this character time enters as a necessary element to be considered in rendering the operations perfect. To illustrate, suppose a current passes to the trailer and upon the line from one segment, that current must reach the distant instrument and perform its duty therein, and the line be discharged before the trailer comes into contact with the next segment. Otherwise the static discharge of the line will pass to some other telegraphic apparatus over a different local line and make confusion or interfere with the proper operation of the other local line.

In telegraphic operations it is a well-known fact that after a line is charged with an electric pulsation and the battery circuit broken there is a static discharge to ground.

A portion of the static current flows to the distant station, and the larger portion discharges to the ground at the sending-station. This static discharge in practice is a source of inconvenience in multiplex telegraphy, and I provide a special connection for the discharge of the same, and utilize that discharge for making the record at the sending-station, and although my improvements are specially available in connection with transmitters and printing receiving-instruments such as shown in my aforesaid patent No. 358,379, and in patents Nos. 364,893 and 5364,89 granted to me June 14, 1887, still I do not limit myself to any particular character of transmitting and receiving instruments in the local lines connected with the synchronous trailers and the main line.

In the drawings I have shown in Figures 1,2, 3, and 4 diagrams illustrative of myimprovement, and in Fig. 5 a diagram illustrative of my improvement as applied with the instruments shown in my patent No. 358,379.

Let K, Fig. 1, represent the rotating shaft of the synchronous instrument at one end of the main line, and A the arm of the trailer at, said trailer passing over the pairs-of segments 1 1 2 2 820., and it is to be understood that these segments are. connected up so that the desired number of pairs are allotted to each local line. I have shown sixty such segments and six pairs of segments allotted to one local line, so that five locallines could be used with this instrument.

F is the electro-magnet, which is brought into action by the transmitting devices, and G is the armature of the same, and the main battery MB is connected to the back stop g and the ground to the front stop 12, and the armature G is connected to the segments 1 by the wire 13, and upon the armature G is an insulated spring-fingerf', and f is the stop for the same, from which stop f is a groundcircuit l, containing an adjustable resistance Rh. From the insulated spring-finger f a Wire 16 connects to the ground-circuit 17 from the segments 1*, in which circuit is the helix 5 of the main line or receiving-relay H, which receiving-relay acts in connection with any desired receiving apparatus.

It will now be understood that when the armature of the transmitting-magnet F is on its back contact 9 the battery MB is connected by g G and 13 to the segments 1, and that a current will pass over the line when the trailer a is passing over that segment, and as the trailer a passes off the segment 1 and onto the segment 1 the static discharge takes place through the segment 1 and the receiving-relay II; but as the static discharge at the transmitting-station generally exceeds the current at the receivingstation I provide the second path for the same through the wire 16, insulated spring-finger f, stop f and adjustable resistance Rh to the ground, thereby utilizing so much of the static discharge as is necessary to operate the receiving-relay II at the sending-station and allowing the remainder to freely escape to ground through the adjustable resistance Rh. Hence by the time the trailer a reaches the seg-- ments of the next pair of segments for another local line there will not be any current or static discharge to pass into such second local line.

It is a well-known fact in telegraphic operations that an electric current sent over aline is retarded according to the length and nature of the line. Hence when a current is pulsated over a long line of high capacity, as when the trailer at the sending-station is passing over its segment 1, the current does not arrive at the receiving-station until the trailers are passing onto their segments 1 At the receiving-station the armature G is held in contact with the grounded stop 12, and the contact of f with f is broken, so that all the current arriving over the main line from the t-ransmitting-station passes from the segment 1 through the re lay H to ground, and this takes place at exactly the same moment that the static discharge at the sending-station is passing to ground through the relay H and resistance Rh at that station. Hence the relays H at both stations are actuated at the same moment.

In Fig. 2 the same parts are shown as in Fig. 1, with the addition of the relay II and a local circuit, in which is included the battery I and magnet 0, corresponding to the parts shown in Fig. 4 of my aforesaid patent, No. 35S,379,'and for the objects and operations as therein set forth, it being understood that the relay H is of a comparatively low resistance and constructed with short cores, the object being to provide a path to ground by which the static-discharge current which actuates this relay may not be unnecessarily retarded in escaping to ground.

IVhen the instrument shown in Fig. 2 is receivinga message, the armature G is closed on 12 and the relay H receives the incoming current; but when this instrumcnt,Fig. 2, is

magnets of the relay H, the object being to provide an additional path by which the staticdischarge current (which actuates the relay H) may be less retarded in escaping to ground.

In Fig. 4 I have shown my present improvements in connection with a reversing-relay RR, polarized tongue 14, contacts 30 and 31, and reversing-batteries, such as shown in my patent No. 364,893, the parts connected with such reversing-relay and the mode of operation being fully set forth therein.

In the application of the present improvements to the devices set forth in my said patcnt, No. 364,803, the current of the main battery MB is through stop g, armature G, wire 13 to segments 1, and is pulsated over the main line by the trailer a passing over those segments, and the relay RR at the sendingstation is actuated by a portion of the staticdischarge current passing 'from the segments 1 through the relay-magnets RR to ground, and the two adjustable resistances Rh from the wires 17 and 17 with their respective contact-stops f insulated spring-finger f, and wire 4, cause the proper proportion of the static discharge to act in the reversing-relay RR and give a free discharge for the remainder to ground by the wire 4. At the receiving-station, the armature G being held in contact with the stop 12, the contact with f and the two stops f is broken, so that all the current arriving over the line from the sending-station passes from segment 1 through reversing-relay RR to ground, and this takes place at exactly the same time that the static discharge is actuating the corresponding relay at the sending-station.

In Fig. 5 thepresent improvement is represented in connection with the devices shown in Fig. 4 of my aforesaid patent, to which a referenceisherebymade. In mypatent,No. 446,424, dated February 17, 1891, each operator is provided with one or more pairs of segments, such segments being arranged side by side. Transmitted currents are sent out on the first segment, while received impulses are received from the second segment. For instance, in Fig. 5 I have shown the operator with one pair of adjoining segments marked 2 2*. As

the synchronous system to long lines or to the retardation of the line, as set forth in my application Serial No. 10%,302. Where single segments are used on a line of sufficiently-high resistance, the current from the battery ent in on one segment does not have time to manifest itself at the distant station upon the corresponding segment while the trailers are yet upon such segments.

In order to adapt niy printers (shown in Patent No. 358,379) to the system set forth in my present application, I connect the first segment of the pair or pairsthat is,segment 2, as shown in Fig. 5direct to the armature G, which is normally on its grounded front post. The other segment 2* is connected permanently through the relay H to the earth. \Vhen a key is depressed, the armature G goes to its back stop, thus connecting the main battery MB directly with the segment 2. As the trailer passes over the segment, the current enters the line. As the trailers pass onto segments 2 the discharge takes place at each end of the line through the relays H, which are therefore operated at exactly the same moment. A piece of ivory or other material may be placed between the segments 2 2 to prevent the current bridging.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination of the synchronouslyactuated trailer, one or more pairs of adjacent message-segments, the transmitting-magnet F and armature G, the main battery, a connection between the first segment of each pair and the armature G, a relay, and an electric connection from the second segment of said pair through the relay to earth, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the synchronous trailer and the segments connected in pairs, of a transmitting magnet and armature, a main battery connected through the armature t0 the first segment of the pair, a receiving-relay, and a connection to the second segment of such a pair, and a shunt and resistance around the receiving-relay, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, in a sychronous telegraph, of a trailer at each end of the main line, segments in pairs, a transmitting-instrument connected to the first segment of the pair, and a receiving-instrument connected to the second segment of the pair, and an uninterrupted connection from the second segment of such pair to the relay and to the ground, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with synchronous trailers and segments in pairs, of a transmitting magnet and armature, an insulated springfinger thereon, a receiving-relay and an adjustable resistance, a main battery, a connection between the first segment of the pair and the armature,a connection between the second segment of the pair and the receiving-relay and ground and with the spring-finger, and a stop for the spring-finger and connection therefrom to the adjustable resistance and ground, whereby the current is sent to line through the first segment of the pair and the static discharge passes through the second segment of the pair and divides, a portion going through the receiving-relay and the remainder throughthe spring-finger and resistance, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, with a synchronous trailer and its segments in pairs, of a transmittin g magnet and armature, a main battery connected with the back stop of such armature, a connection between the armature and the first segment in the pair, a reversing-relay and connections to the second segments of the pairs, an insulated spring-finger on the armature, ground connections, and a resistance in a shunt-circuit between the stop of the sprin g-finger and the reversing-relay, substantially as set forth.

(3. The combination, with a synchronous trailer and its segments in pairs, of a transmitting magnet, armature, and battery, and a receiving-relay having a short core, and a ground connection to the said receiving-relay and to the second segment in the pairs, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with the synchronous trailer and its segments in pairs, of a receiving-relay connected to the second segment of the pair, and a shunt containing a resistance, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with the synchronous trailer and its segments in pairs, of a trans.

mitting magnet and armature, and two receiving-relays, and connections, substantially as set forth, whereby one relay is actuated by the current received from the distant station and the other relay is actuated when the instrument is transmitting by the static discharge, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, with the synchronous trailer and its segments in pairs, of a reversing-relay and connections to two of the second segments in the pairs of segments, sub stantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with the synchronous trailer and its segments in pairs, of a reversing-relay and connections to two of the sec ond segments in the pairs of segments, and shuntconneetions containing resistances, substantially as set forth. I

11. Thecombination, with a synchronous multiplex transmitting telegraph-instrument having circuit-closing segments arranged in pairs, of a receiving-instrument at the sending-station, and circuit connections to the second segments in the pairs, substantially as set forth, whereby the static discharge from the line is directed through the second segment to the receiving-instrument, substantially as specified.

12. The combination, with a synchronous multiplex transmitting telegraph-instrument having circuit-closing segments arranged in ITO pairs, of a receiving-instrninent at the sendance and the rest is directed through the re- [0 ing-station and eiectrie-cireuit connections ceiving-instrnmenr,substantiailyas specified.

between the battery and one of the segments Signed by me this Ztth day of June, A. D.

in the, pairs in the transmitter, and eonnec 1887. 5 tions from the other segment to the receiver,

' ,7 T and also a shunt-circuit to earth and a resistnnee in the same, whereby the static discharge \Vii nesses:

rorn the line through the second segment is GEO. T. PINCKNEY, divided and a portion goes through the resist- \V. L. SERRELL. 

